'''Learn to Program''' is a '''Contents''' page for topics that are related
to the art of programming in general.



** See Also **

   [Beginning Tcl]:   The specifics of [Tcl]

   [Casual Programming - Amateurs, beginners et al]:   

   [BOOK Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs]:   formerly used as the textbook of the MIT introductory programming class; widely considered a classic text in computer science

   [BOOK Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming]:   

   [How to be a Programmer: A Short, Comprehensive, and Personal Summary, Robert L. Read, 2002]:   

   [What non-Tcl specific books do developers find they reference or recommend]:   



** Description **

There are, of course many resources out there in the world, that teach
beginners the art of computer programming.  One of the more well-known is
''[BOOK Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs%|%The Structure and
Interpretation of Computer Programs]'', but it uses [LISP] rather than Tcl.
Tcl is a fantastic first language for someone interested in getting into
computer programming, and this page introduces Tcl obliquely by introducing the
general art of programming, using Tcl as a resource to illustrate the concepts.



** Values and side effects **

Some commands return useful values, some have side effects, and some do both.


The value of `[puts]` is invariant.  It always returns the empty string, so
it's never useful:

======
set a [puts hello]
======

Therefore, `[puts]` has a side effect, but no useful value.  

`[set]` has a side effect.  It creates a new variable and assigns a value to
it.  `[set]` also returns the value that it assigned to the variable, which
can be useful sometimes.  To set two variables to the same value, one could
write:

======
set b [set a hello]
======

Therefore, `[set]` has a side effect and also has a useful value.

`[string length]` is an example of a command that doesn't have any side
effects but does have a useful value.  It changes nothing in the world of a Tcl
script.  It doesn't create or delete any commands or variables, and it doesn't
write any data to any channels.  However, it returns a value that tells us
something we might want to know:

======
string length hello
======

The last category is commands that have no side effect and no value.  There are
none of these!



** [Computer Architecture] **

   [byte]:   :



** Working Environment **

   [SCM%|%source code management]:   

   [Bug Tracking System%|%Bug Tracking]:   



** Fundamental Concepts **

   [Automaton]:   

   [Binary representation of numbers%|%binary representation]:   

   [Halting Problem]:   

   [homoiconic%|%homoiconicity]:   

   [scope]:   

   [syntax]:   



** Data Types **

   [Abstract Data Types]:   

   [Reference%|%References]:   



** [data structure%|%Data Structures] **

   [data structure%|%Data Structures]:   



** Logic **

   [Combinatory Logic]:   

   [predicate logic]:   



** Functions **

   [curry]:   

   [lambda]:   

   [Function mapping]:   

   [Functional composition%|%composition]:   



** Program Structure **

   [control structure%|%Control Structures]:   

   [proc%|%Procedures]:   

   [Closures]:   

   [continuation%|%Continuations]:   

   [coroutine%|%Coroutines]:   

   [Concurrency concepts%|%Concurrency]:   

   [Generator%|%Generators]:   

   [iterators%|%Iterators]:   

   [recursion]:   



** State **

   [Static Variables]:   

   [Constants]:   



** [Persistence] **




** Calculation **




** Processing **

   [parsing]:   

   [serializing%|%serialization]:   

   [Data analysis with Tcl%|%data analysis]:   

   [signal processing]:   




** Design **

   [Intelligent Design]:   

   [Model / View / Controller]:   



** Paradigm **

   [Functional Programming]:   

   [Object Orientation]:   



** Communication **

   [ipc]:   

   [network programming]:   



** Memory Management **

   [Garbage collection]:   



** Technique **

   [Code Generation]:   

   [data is code]:   

   [declarative programming]:   

   [Event Processing%|%events]:   

   [debugging]:   

   [domain-specific language]:   

   [imperative programming]:   

   [Literate programming]:   

   [Logic programming]:   

   [Profiling Tcl%|%profiling]:   

   [testing]:   

   [event-oriented programming]:   

   [Genetic Programming]:   



** Methodology **

   [Extreme Programming]:   

   [programming by exception]:   

   [test-driven development]:   



** Security **

   [Injection Attack]:   

   [Secure by design]:   

   [Tcl is immune to many "format string vulnerabilities"]:   

   [http://web.archive.org/web/20050410143900/http://m.bacarella.com/papers/secsoft/html/index.html%|%The Peon's Guide To Secure System Development]:   



** The Role of Scripting Languages **

   [Why adding Tcl calls to a C/C++ application is a bad idea]:   



** Topical Guide **

   [artificial intelligence]:   

   [algorithm%|%algorithms]:   

   [encryption]:   

   [Graphics with Tcl%|%graphics]:   





** More Theory **

The following pages introduce various computer science topics, but don't yet
have any other place to live in this table of contents

   [Scripted Compiler]:   


   [http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/%|%theoretical computer science]:   a forum



** The Art **

   [Tips for writing quality software]:   

   [http://www.linusakesson.net/programming/gcr-decoding/index.php%|%GCR decoding on the fly],  Linus Åkesson, 2013-03-31:   in which Linus solves a longstanding problem by looking at it from a novel angle, and employing trickter and clever code in a very concise manner








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