This little thing provides multi-line replacements in text files.

Also, it provides in-memory replacements, on a list of strings.

Although there are tons of similar utilities, maybe this one has its own goods.

It would be useful when you need:
   1. replace periodically some bunches of strings in some texts;
   2. modify a snapshot of some software without its cloning/forking;
   3. share your little modifications with your colleagues, without resorting to those great GIT, MERCURIAL, FOSSIL etc.
   4. use multi-line replacement functions in your software.

It's called this way:
 tclsh mulster.tcl ?options? fileini
where ''fileini'' is a name of file containing settings for replacements.

The ''fileini'' has the following structure:

  INFILE=<input file name>
  OUTFILE=<output file name>

  IN=BEGIN
    line #1 to find
    line #2 to find
    ...
    line #N1 to find
  IN=END
  OUT=BEGIN
    line #1 of replacement
    line #2 of replacement
    ...
    line #N2 of replacement
  OUT=END

  IN=BEGIN(r1,r2)
  ....
  IN=END
  OUT=BEGIN
  ...
  OUT=END
  ...

  BACKUP=new backup dir
  EXACT=1
  KEEP=1
  INFILE=<input file2 name>
  OUTFILE=<output file2 name>
  ...

The ''INFILE='' and ''OUTFILE='' set the names of input & output files.

If <input file name> is equal to <output file name>
all modifications are performed on the same file.

All strings between current ''IN=BEGIN'' and ''IN=END'' are replaced with
strings between next ''OUT=BEGIN'' and ''OUT=END''. The sequence of
''INFILE=, OUTFILE=, IN=, OUT='' is set for each processed file.

The ''IN=BEGIN(r1,r2)'' form means that a range of found matches should
be processed as follows:
  IN=BEGIN(r1,r2) - r1-th match through r2-th one
  IN=BEGIN(r1,0)  - r1-th match through the last one
  IN=BEGIN(0,r2)  - the same as IN=BEGIN(1,r2)
  IN=BEGIN(1,1)   - first match only
  IN=BEGIN(0,0)   - all matches; the same as IN=BEGIN

All strings outside of ''INFILE=, OUTFILE=, IN=BEGIN through IN=END, OUT=BEGIN through OUT=END, BACKUP=, EXACT=, KEEP='' are ignored (being sort of comments).

The options of ''tclsh mulster.tcl ?options? fileini'' are following:
   * ''-exact 1'' means that IN-lines should be matched exactly, with all their leading/tailing spaces as specified in ''IN=BEGIN'' blocks; by default the lines are trimmed at finding their matches;
   * ''-backup <dir>'' means that the original input files are backed up into the ''<dir>'' directory;
   * ''-backup 0'' means that the original input files are NOT backed up at all (by default they are backed up to ''BAK'' directory).
   * ''-keep 1'' means that input files' attributes/times will be saved in output files; by default they are not kept;
   * ''--'' switches options off (for ''fileini'')

The ''-exact'', ''-backup'' and ''-keep'' options can be redefined in ''fileini'', e.g.
  ...
  BACKUP=BAK/new backup dir
  EXACT=1
  KEEP=1
  INFILE=<input file2 name>
  OUTFILE=<output file2 name>
  ...
so that these options can be individual for any file(s).

'''Note''': if the mulster comes across ''BACKUP=, EXACT=, KEEP='' or ''INFILE='' option
in ''fileini'', it flushes all collected changes to the current output
file and begins a new collection of changes for a new input/output.

So, the order of options is important:

   1. ''BACKUP='', ''EXACT='' or ''KEEP='' go first if they are set
   2. ''INFILE='' and ''OUTFILE='' go next
   3. ''IN=BEGIN'' and ''IN=END'' go next
   4. ''OUT=BEGIN'' and ''OUT=END'' go next
   5. (3) through (4) can be repeated
   6. (1) through (5) can be repeated


***Examples***


For example, applying the following ''fileini'':
  INFILE=modul1.tcl
  OUTFILE=modul2.tcl
  IN=BEGIN
    proc1 $a $b
    proc2 $a2 $b2
  IN=END
  OUT=BEGIN
    proc3 $a $b $a2 $b2  ;# <=====REPLACED
  OUT=END

... to the ''modul1.tcl'' containing:
  1st-comm
  2nd-comm
  proc1 $a $b
  proc2 $a2 $b2
  next-comm
  #... other commands
  proc1 $a $b
  proc2 $a2 $b2

... we get the ''modul2.tcl'' containing:
  1st-comm
  2nd-comm
  proc3 $a $b $a2 $b2  ;# <=====REPLACED
  next-comm
  #... other commands
  proc3 $a $b $a2 $b2  ;# <=====REPLACED

Examples of calling:
  tclsh mulster.tcl mulster1_ini
  tclsh mulster.tcl -exact 1 mulster2_ini
  tclsh mulster.tcl -backup ~/BAK mulster3_ini
  tclsh mulster.tcl -exact 1 -backup 0 -keep 0 mulster4_ini

While using the ''-backup 0'' option, please be careful. This mode is well suitable when:
   * all your input files are not the same as output files;
   * you've made a backup beforehand;
   * you have a nice VCS and are not worried about any data loss.
Otherwise you would take risks of data loss.

The ''mulster.tcl'' prints out a log of replacements made (as well as made not).

***Why***

I run into an appropriate case of 'mulstering' some time ago when it
occured to me to enhance the context action of https://www.geany.org/%|%Geany IDE%|%. Being not
of Geany team nor of their contributors/fans, I couldn't insist on
this enhancement with Github PR (though had tried, without success:)
At that, forking/cloning Geany from Github to perform my home-made
corrections would be an overkill and a waste of time, having in mind
the future releases of Geany. Each time at releasing new Geany to do
the same manipulations? I'm too lazy, so this scenario isn't for me.

But now, with the mulster at hand, all I need is:

   1. download a current Geany snapshot;
   2. 'mulster' some files of it to get the desirable facility;
   3. 'make istall' Geany;
   4. repeat 1)-2)-3) at releasing new Geany versions, all those actions being easily automated with shell commands prepared beforehand (as well as 'fileini').

Nearly the same thing has repeated with http://tke.sourceforge.net/%|%TKE editor%|%. I have its clone
and work at it, but being only a contributor (the author is Trevor
Williams) I cannot implement some of its features which are good
for me and not acceptable for the author. So, I need these facilities
being implemented 'on fly', after pulling TKE from its repository.
Then that my changes made, the mulstered TKE code should be undoed
before pushing my changes to SourceForge.

These pull/push transactions and accompanying mulsterings are made
with one click in a TKE plugin. I need only supervising a short log.

The http://aplsimple.ucoz.ru/misc/mulster.rar%|%mulster.rar%|% archive contains ''fileini'' files (''tasks/mulster-geany'' and ''tasks/mulster-tke'') to make the  appropriate changes in Geany and TKE.

***Source***

A bit about using the ''mulster.tcl''. It's implemented as oo::class
and has two useful methods declared as:

 1) method mulster {fileini {exact 0} {backup BAK} {keep 0}}

    where:
      'fileini' is a file name for options
      'exact' equals to:
        0 - matches of trimmed lines are allowed
        1 - only exact matches are allowed
      'backup' equals to:
        0     - no input files' backuping
        "dir" - backuping to "dir" directory
      'keep' if 1, keeps input files' attributes/times in output files

    This method performs the above described operations.

 2) method mulster1 {lcont lin lout {r1 0} {r2 0} {exact 1}}

    This method performs in-memory replacements in a list ('lcont')
    according to a list of input lines ('lin') and a list of output
    lines ('lout'), in a range of replacements set with 'r1' and 'r2'.
    If 'exact' is 1, the lines are compared to be strongly equal,
    otherwise their leading/tailing spaces are ignored at comparing.

The source code, README, tests and examples are available here:

http://aplsimple.ucoz.ru/misc/mulster.rar%|%mulster.rar%|%

****mulster.tcl****

  #! /usr/bin/env tclsh
  #
  # This little thing provides multi-line replacements in text files.
  # It's called this way:
  #   tclsh mulster.tcl ?options? fileini
  # where:
  #   fileini is a name of file containing options for replacements, e.g.
  #       INFILE=input file name.txt
  #       OUTFILE=output file name.txt
  #       IN=BEGIN(1,1)
  #         line #1 to find
  #         line #2 to find
  #       IN=END
  #       OUT=BEGIN
  #         line #1
  #       OUT=END
  #   options are:
  #       -exact 0 | 1
  #       -backup 0 | <dir>
  #       -keep 0 | 1
  #       --
  # See README for details.
  #############################################################################
  
  oo::class create Mulster {
  
    variable _mulster
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  
    constructor {args} {
      array set _mulster {}
      set _mulster(IN_FILE)   INFILE=   ;# pattern for in file name
      set _mulster(OUT_FILE)  OUTFILE=  ;# pattern for out file name
      set _mulster(IN_BEGIN)  IN=BEGIN  ;# pattern for in lines start
      set _mulster(IN_END)    IN=END    ;# pattern for in lines finish
      set _mulster(OUT_BEGIN) OUT=BEGIN ;# pattern for out lines start
      set _mulster(OUT_END)   OUT=END   ;# pattern for out lines finish
      set _mulster(EXACT)     EXACT=    ;# pattern for exact mode
      set _mulster(BACKUP)    BACKUP=   ;# pattern for backup dir name
      set _mulster(KEEP)      KEEP=     ;# pattern for keep mode
      set _mulster(GRP1) {(.+)}           ;# RE group for a file name
      set _mulster(GRP2) {\((.+),(.+)\)}  ;# RE groups for range
      if { [self next] != {} } {
        return [next {*}$args]
      }
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Processes files according to the options of 'fileini' file.
    # Input parameters:
    #   'fileini' is options file name
    #   'exact' if 1, means in-lines should be matched exact, with
    #           all their leading/tailing spaces
    #   'backup' if 0, means no backuping, otherwise - backup directory
    #   'keep' if 1, keeps input files' attributes/times in output files
  
    method mulster {fileini {exact 0} {backup BAK} {keep 0}} {
      if {!($exact in {0 1})} {set exact 1}
      if {!($keep in {0 1})} {set keep 1}
      my FlushOut -1 ;# just to initialize
      set mode NONE
      set _mulster(st) ""
      set _mulster(nl) 0
      set _mulster(fileini) $fileini
      set chini [open $fileini]
      foreach _mulster(st) [split [read $chini] \n] {
        incr _mulster(nl)
        switch $mode {
          NONE {
            # check for exact mode
            if [my OptionIs $_mulster(EXACT) $_mulster(GRP1)] {
              my FlushOut $exact $keep
              set exact $_mulster(match1)
              if {!($exact in {0 1})} {set exact 1}
            # check for backup dir
            } elseif [my OptionIs $_mulster(BACKUP) $_mulster(GRP1)] {
              my FlushOut $exact $keep
              set backup $_mulster(match1)
            # check for exact mode
            } elseif [my OptionIs $_mulster(KEEP) $_mulster(GRP1)] {
              my FlushOut $exact $keep
              set keep $_mulster(match1)
              if {!($keep in {0 1})} {set keep 1}
            # check for input file
            } elseif [my OptionIs $_mulster(IN_FILE) $_mulster(GRP1)] {
              my FlushOut $exact $keep
              set _mulster(fin) 1
              set _mulster(infile) $_mulster(match1)
              my BackupFile $backup $_mulster(infile)
            # check for output file
            } elseif [my OptionIs $_mulster(OUT_FILE) $_mulster(GRP1)] {
              my CheckForError 1
              set _mulster(fout) 1
              set _mulster(outfile) $_mulster(match1)
            # check for input lines beginning
            } elseif {[my OptionIs $_mulster(IN_BEGIN)] || \
                      [my OptionIs $_mulster(IN_BEGIN) $_mulster(GRP2)]} {
              my CheckForError 1
              my CheckForError 2
              lappend _mulster(inlist) [list $_mulster(match1) $_mulster(match2)]
              set mode IN
            # check for output lines beginning
            } elseif [my OptionIs $_mulster(OUT_BEGIN)] {
              my CheckForError 1
              my CheckForError 2
              lappend _mulster(outlist) [list]
              set mode OUT
            }
          }
          IN {
            # check for input lines ending
            if [my OptionIs $_mulster(IN_END)] {
              set mode NONE
            } else {
              # collect the input lines
              set curl [lindex $_mulster(inlist) end]
              lappend curl $_mulster(st)
              set _mulster(inlist) [lreplace $_mulster(inlist) end end $curl]
            }
          }
          OUT {
            # check for output lines ending
            if [my OptionIs $_mulster(OUT_END)] {
              set mode NONE
            } else {
              # collect the output lines
              set curl [lindex $_mulster(outlist) end]
              lappend curl $_mulster(st)
              set _mulster(outlist) [lreplace $_mulster(outlist) end end $curl]
            }
          }
        }
      }
      my FlushOut $exact $keep  ;# flush out the collected lines if any
      close $chini
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Performs replacements in a list ('lcont') according to a list of
    # input lines ('lin') and  a list of output lines ('lout'), in
    # a range of replacements set with 'r1' and 'r2' parameters.
    # If 'exact' is true, the lines are compared to be strongly equal,
    # otherwise their leading/tailing spaces are ignored at comparing.
  
    method mulster1 {lcont lin lout {r1 0} {r2 0} {exact 1}} {
      set _mulster(repls) 0
      set leni [llength $lin]
      if {!$leni} {
        return $lcont  ;# nothing to replace
      }
      set lres [list]  ;# resulting list
      set sti0 [lindex $lin 0]
      if {!$exact} {set sti0 [string trim $sti0]}
      set leno [llength $lout]
      set lenc [llength $lcont]
      set ic [set ifnd 0]
      while {$ic < $lenc} {
        set stc [lindex $lcont $ic]
        if {[set stc [lindex $lcont $ic]] == $sti0 || \
        !$exact && [string trim $stc] == $sti0 } { ;# 1st line found
          for {set ii [set found 1]} {$ii<$leni && $found} {incr ii} {
            set ic2 [expr {$ic + $ii}]
            set st1 [lindex $lin $ii]
            set st2 [lindex $lcont $ic2]
            if {!$exact} {
              set st1 [string trim $st1]
              set st2 [string trim $st2]
            }
            set found [expr {$st1==$st2 && $ic2<$lenc}]
          }
          if {$found} {
            incr ifnd
            ;# check a found ifnd-th bunch for the range (r1,r2)
            if {$ifnd>=$r1 && ($ifnd<=$r2 || !$r2)} {
              for {set io 0} {$io<$leno} {incr io} {
                lappend lres [lindex $lout $io]
              }
              incr ic $leni  ;# go to a line just following the 'lin' bunch
              incr _mulster(repls)
            } else {
              ;# still not now, so pass this bunch
              for {set ii 0} {$ii<$leni} {incr ii} {
                lappend lres [lindex $lcont $ic]
                incr ic
              }
            }
            continue
          }
        }
        lappend lres $stc  ;# this line is not the 1st of 'lin' bunch
        incr ic
      }
      return $lres
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Checks if a string matches a pattern.
    # If 'group' parameter is set, it is added to 'pattern'.
    # The 'pattern' is for matching "INFILE=", "IN=BEGIN" etc.
    # The 'group' is for matching "inp_file.txt", "(1,1)" etc.
  
    method OptionIs {pattern {group ""}} {
      if {![regexp "^${pattern}*" $_mulster(st)]} {
        return 0
      }
      set _mulster(match1) 0
      set _mulster(match2) 0
      if {$group==""} {
        return [regexp "^${pattern}\$" $_mulster(st)]
      }
      if {[regexp "^${pattern}\$" $_mulster(st)] && $group==""} {
        return 1
      }
      if {[regexp "^${pattern}$group\$" $_mulster(st) tot r1 r2]} {
        if {$group==$_mulster(GRP1)} {
          return [string length [set _mulster(match1) $r1]]
        }
        if {[string is digit $r1] && [string is digit $r2]} {
          set _mulster(match1) $r1
          set _mulster(match2) $r2
          return 1
        }
      }
      return 0
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Flushes the current file and initializes the mulster's variables
  
    method FlushOut {exact {keep 1}} {
      if {$exact!=-1 && ($_mulster(fin) + $_mulster(fout))} {
        my CheckForError 1
        my CheckForError 2
        my Flush1 $exact $keep
      }
      set _mulster(fin) 0            ;# flag of "input file defined"
      set _mulster(fout) 0           ;# flag of "output file defined"
      set _mulster(inlist) [list]    ;# in lines list
      set _mulster(outlist) [list]   ;# out lines list
    }
  
    method Flush1 {exact keep} {
      puts "MULSTER: $_mulster(infile) ==> $_mulster(outfile)"
      if {$keep} {
        lassign [my FileAttributes $_mulster(infile)] attrs atime mtime
      }
      set ch [open $_mulster(infile)]
      set lcont [split [read $ch] \n]
      close $ch
      for {set il 0} {$il<[llength $_mulster(inlist)]} {incr il} {
        set lin [lindex $_mulster(inlist) $il]
        set lout [lindex $_mulster(outlist) $il]
        set r1 [lindex $lin 0]
        set r2 [lindex $lin 1]
        set lcont [my mulster1 $lcont [lrange $lin 2 end] $lout $r1 $r2 $exact]
        puts -nonewline "Replacement #[expr {$il+1}]: "
        if {$_mulster(repls)==0} {
          puts "NOTHING CHANGED!"
        } else {
          puts "$_mulster(repls) done"
        }
      }
      set ch [open $_mulster(outfile) w]
      foreach stout $lcont {
        if {[incr iamidiotofFMD]>1} {puts $ch ""}
        puts -nonewline $ch $stout
      }
      close $ch
      if {$keep} {
        my FileAttributes $_mulster(outfile) $attrs $atime $mtime
      }
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Gets/sets file attributes
  
    method FileAttributes {fname {attrs ""} {atime ""} {mtime ""} } {
      if {$attrs==""} {
        set attrs [file attributes $fname]
        return [list $attrs [file atime $fname] [file mtime $fname]]
      }
     file attributes $fname {*}$attrs
     file atime $fname $atime
     file mtime $fname $mtime
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Backs up the input file
  
    method BackupFile {backup filename} {
      puts ""
      if {$backup!="0" && $backup!=""} {
        lassign [my FileAttributes $filename] attrs atime mtime
        set ch [open $filename]
        set cont [read $ch]
        close $ch
        catch {file mkdir $backup}
        set bakfile [file join $backup [file tail $filename]]
        set ch [open $bakfile w]
        puts -nonewline $ch $cont
        close $ch
        my FileAttributes $bakfile $attrs $atime $mtime
        puts "BACKUP : $filename ==> $bakfile"
      }
    }
  
    #~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    # Checks if 'val' is equal to 'propval' and puts the error if not
  
    method CheckForError {ncheck} {
      switch $ncheck {
        1 {my Check1 $_mulster(fin) 1 "Input file not defined"}
        2 {my Check1 $_mulster(fout) 1 "Output file not defined"}
      }
    }
  
    method Check1 {val propval msg} {
      if {$val != $propval} {
        if {[info exists _mulster(nl)]} {
          set stnl "\n File $_mulster(fileini)\n Line #$_mulster(nl) "
        } else {
          set stnl ""
        }
        error "\n\nERROR in [self] object of Mulster class:\n $msg$stnl\n\n"
      }
    }
  
  }
  
  #############################################################################
  # main program ...mmm
  
  if {[info exist ::argv0] && $::argv0==[info script]} {
    if {$::argc<1} {
      puts "
   This little thing provides multi-line replacements in text files.
  
   It's called this way:
     tclsh mulster.tcl ?options? fileini
   where:
     fileini is a name of file containing options for replacements, e.g.
         INFILE=input file name.txt
         OUTFILE=output file name.txt
         IN=BEGIN(1,1)
           line #1 to find
           line #2 to find
         IN=END
         OUT=BEGIN
           line #1
         OUT=END
     options are:
         -exact 0 | 1
         -backup 0 | <dir>
         -keep 0 | 1
         --
  
   See README for details.
  "
      exit
    }
    array set options {-exact 0 -backup BAK -keep 0 fn {}}
    set off 0
    foreach {opt val} $::argv {
      if {$off} {
        set options(fn) [string trim "$options(fn) $opt $val"]
        continue
      }
      switch -exact $opt {
        -e - -exact  { set options(-exact) $val }
        -b - -backup { set options(-backup) $val }
        -k - -keep   { set options(-keep) $val }
        -- {
          set off 1
          set options(fn) $val
        }
        default {
          set off 1
          set options(fn) [string trim "$options(fn) $opt $val"]
        }
      }
    }
  #############################################################################
  # for "Run me" of TKE editor's e_menu plugin:
  #-ARGS0: -k 1 test/test12ini
  #-ARGS1: -e 1 -b 0 tasks/mulster-tke
  #ARGS2: -e 1 -b 0 tasks/mulster-geany
    Mulster create mul
    mul mulster $options(fn) $options(-exact) $options(-backup) $options(-keep)
    mul destroy
  #############################################################################
  }