Version 24 of tclMIDI

call [cmd midi::file opt [arg options] ...

This command will create a midi file object and returns a unique midi file id. This id should be used to manipulate the midi file later on. Known options are:

opt_def -time_division_type string

opt_def -type integer

Set the midi file type. Must be const 0, const 1 or const 2. Default value is 1.

Set the time divisiob type used in the midi file. Must be const ticks_per_beat or const frames_per_second. Default values is const ticks_per_beat.

opt_def -ticks_per_beat integer

Sets the number of ticks per beat (quarter note), only used when the time division type is const ticks_per_beat. Default value is 480.

opt_def -frames_per_second integer

Set the number of frames per second, only used when the time division type is const frames_per_second. Default value is -1.

opt_def -ticks_per_frame integer

Set the number of ticks per frame, only used when the time division type is const frames_per_second. Default value is -1.

Set the track to be included in the midi file. The tracks must be specified as a list of tracks id's obtained by calling the cmd midi::track command. By default, no tracks are added.

call [arg midiFileId method write arg fileName opt [arg "option value ..."]

call [arg midiFileId [method destroy]

Reset and destroy a midi file object.

call [arg midiFileId [method reset]

Reset a midi file object. Resetting a midi file object will clear the type and timing information and destroy all tracks (with reference count zero) of the midi file.

call [arg midiFileId [method validate]

Validates a midi file object, including the tracks. Only the options required for a specific time division type are checked.

call [arg midiFileId method validate_option arg option [arg value]

Validates a midi file object-option value. All options will be validated, even if a specified option is not necessary according to the time division type. All options accepted by the cmd midi::file command can be specified.

call [arg midiFileId method cget [arg option]

Returns the current value of the configuration option given by arg option. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the cmd midi::file command.

call [arg midiFileId [method configure]

Returns a list describing all of the available options. The returned list contains a sublist for each known option with the following elements: the option, the default value and the current value. Information is returned for all options accepted by the cmd midi::file command.

call [arg midiFileId method configure [arg option]

Returns list describing the named option. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the cmd midi::file command. The returned list contains 3 elements: the option, the default value and the current value.

call [arg midiFileId method configure arg "option value" ...]

Modifies the given midi file option(s) to have the given value(s). The command returns an empty string. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the cmd midi::file command.

call [arg midiFileId method read [arg fileName]

Reads the specified midi file into the midi file object.

Writes the contents of the midi file object into the specified file. Known options are:

opt_def -running_status boolean

If set to true, the midi file will be written with running status, making the resulting output file smaller. If set to false (default), the midi file will be written without running status.

Only write the specified tracks to the output file.

call [arg midiFileId method dump opt [arg "option value ..."]

Writes a textual representation of the midi file object contents into the file specified with the -file option. If no file is specified, returns the textual representation of the midi file as a string. Known options are:

opt_def -file path

Dump the midi file to the specified output file.

Only dump the specified tracks.

call [arg midiFileId method flatten opt [arg "option value ..."]

Creates a one track representation of a multi track midi file. This command will return a list of two element lists. The first element in each sub-list contains the delta time until the event associated with it can be processed. The second element in each sub-list contains a list of events, represented as lists of integers. Known options are:

opt_def -include_meta listOfMetaEventTypes

Only include Meta events of specified types in the flattened output. Check cmd midi::event::type_meta_event for known Meta event types.

opt_def -no_meta boolean

Do not include Meta events in the flattened output.

opt_def -no_sys_ex boolean

Do not include SysEx events in the flattened output.

Only flatten the specified tracks.

call [arg midiFileId method measure opt [arg "option value ..."]

call [arg midiFileId method clicks [arg "noteLength"]

Calculates the length of a note in clicks for common note lengths. Lengths understood by this method are: const 1, const 1., const 1/2, const 1/2., const 1/2t, const 1/4, const 1/4., const 1/4t, const 1/8, const 1/8., const 1/8t, const 1/16, const 1/16., const 1/16t, const 1/32, const 1/32., const 1/32t, const 1/64, const 1/64. and const 1/64t. Lengths with a const . (dot) add half of the length to the fraction, lengths with a const t are used for triplets. This functions can only be used when the option -time_division_type option is set to const ticks_per_beat and the option -ticks_per_beat option has been initialised.

This command can be used to generate event list from a simplied input format. By only specifying note names and durations, an event list suitable for midi-tracks can be obtained. This command will only generate note-on and note-off event, other event still need to be added to the event list with the cmd midi::event command. Only a list of non-overlapping notes can be specified. It durations of notes overlap, create different event-lists with multiple calls to this command and later on merge the resulting event lists with the cmd midi::merge command.

opt_def -channel integer Channel on which to play the specified notes.

opt_def -events listOfListOfNotes A list of note-lists. Each such note-list contains a duration, a list of notes and optionally a velocity. A duration must be specified as a note-length understood by the cmd midi::file::clicks method. Notes can be specified using their midi note-number or their note-name. Check the sectref Notes section for valid note numbers and valid note names. In addition to the notes found in that section, it is possible to use const r or const R to specify a rest. The optional velocity must be an integer in the range 0..127. Default value is 127.

The following example show how to generate an event list of a C-major scale played as quarter notes and followed by a C-major chord on channel 4:

example_begin set mf lbmidi::file -type 1 -time_division_type ticks_per_beat -ticks_per_beat 480rb set el lb$mf measure -channel 4 -events {{1/4 C5} {1/4 D5} {1/4 E5} {1/4 F5} {1/4 G5} {1/4 A5} {1/4 B5} {1/4 C6} {1/1 {C5 E5 G5 C6}}}rb example_end

Check the sectref Examples sections for more examples of using this method.

section midi::track

call [cmd midi::track opt [arg options] ...

This command will create a midi track object and return a unique midi track id. This id should be used to manipulate the midi track later on. Known options are:

opt_def -events listOfEvents

Specifies a list of events with associated delta-time for the midi track. An event with its associated delta-time is represented as a list of the delta-time and a list of integers representing the event. By default, no events are added to a track. A delta time specifies the time to wait before processing the associated event. A delta time is expressed in clock ticks. When using const ticks_per_beat as time division type, the duration of a note can be calculated based on the specified ticks per beat. When 480 clock clicks are required for a quarter note, the length in clicks of other note lengths is as follows:

example_begin lengthInClicks = 480.0 * 4 * length example_end

Using this function, the lengths of different notes can be calculated:

example_begin length length in clicks ------ ---------------- 1 1920 1/2 960 1/4 480 1/8 240 1/16 120 1/32 60 1/64 30 example_end

The cmd midi::file::clicks method can be used to calculate lengths in clicks for common note lengths.

call [arg midiTrackId [method destroy]

Reset and destroy a midi track object.

call [arg midiTrackId [method reset]

Reset a midi track object. Resetting a midi track object removes all events from the midi track.

call [arg midiTrackId [method validate]

Validates a midi track object, including the events.

call [arg midiTrackId method validate_option arg option [arg value]

Validates a midi track object option value. All options accepted by the cmd midi::track command can be specified.

call [arg midiTrackId method cget [arg option]

Returns the current value of the configuration option given by arg option. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the cmd midi::track command.

call [arg midiTrackId [method configure]

call [arg midiTrackId method configure [arg option]

Returns list describing the named option. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the cmd midi::track command. The returned list contains 3 elements: the option, the default value and the current value.

call [arg midiTrackId method configure arg "option value" ...]

Modifies the given midi track option(s) to have the given value(s). The command returns an empty string. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the cmd midi::track command.

call [arg midiTrackId [method dump]

Returns a textual representation of the midi track.

section midi::event

Events are represented as a list of integers. Each integer contains the value of a byte in the binary midi event as stored in a midi file. The commands listed below make it easier to create and manipulate midi events. These commands offer a configure interface. Supported events with associated options can be found in the sectref Events section.

call [cmd midi::event arg type opt [arg options] ...

Creates a new event of the specified type. Check the sectref Events section for valid event types and associated options. The newly created event is returned as a list of integers. This list must be specified with the other event commands or when adding events to a track.

call [cmd midi::event::reset [arg intList]

This command returns a list of integers for an event of the same type but with all option values set to their defautl values.

call [cmd midi::event::validate [arg intList]

Checks if the specified list of integers is a valid event.

call [cmd midi::event::validate_option arg intList opt [arg options] ...

Validates a midi event object option value. All options accepted by the midi event type can be specified.

call [cmd midi::event::cget arg intList [arg option]

Returns the current value of the configuration option given by arg option. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the event type.

call [cmd midi::event::configure [arg intList]

Returns a list describing all of the available options for the type of the specified event. The returned list contains a sublist for each known option with the following elements: the option, the default value and the current value.

call [cmd midi::event::configure arg intList [arg option]

Returns list describing the named option. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the event type. The returned list contains 3 elements: the option, the default value and the current value.

call [cmd midi::event::configure arg intList arg "option value" ...]

Modifies the given midi event option(s) to have the given value(s). The command returns an empty string. arg Option may have any of the values accepted by the event type.

call [cmd midi::event::type [arg intList]

Return the type of the specified event. Possible return values are: const note_off const note_on const note_aftertouch const controller const program_change const channel_aftertouch const pitch_bend const Meta const SysEx

call [cmd midi::event::type_meta_event [arg intList]

Returns meta event type. Possible return values are: const sequence_number const copyright const track_name const instrument_name const lyric const marker const cue_point const program_name const device_name const channel const port const end_of_track const tempo const smpte_offset const time_signature const key_signature const sequencer_specific const meta_unknown

call [cmd midi::event::dump [arg intList]

Returns a textual representation of the midi event.

section Examples

The following example creates a midi file with 4 tracks. All events are generated using the cmd midi::event command.

example_begin package require midi

# Create midi file and initialise time division info set mf lbmidi::file -type 1 -time_division_type ticks_per_beat -ticks_per_beat 480rb

# Control track set t1el {} lappend t1el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "control track"rb rb lappend t1el lblist 0 lbmidi::event tempo -tempo 0X7A120rb rb ;# 120 Beats per minute lappend t1el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb set t1 lbmidi::track -events $t1elrb

# Piano track set t2el {} lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Piano track"rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event program_change -channel 0 -program "Electric Piano 2"rb rb

lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note C4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/1rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note C4 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note E4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/1rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note E4 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note G4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/1rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note G4 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note C5 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/1rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note C5 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note C4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note E4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note G4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 0 -note C5 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/1rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note C4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note E4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note G4 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_off -channel 0 -note C5 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb set t2 lbmidi::track -events $t2elrb

# Bass track set t3el {} lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Bass track"rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event program_change -channel 1 -program "Electric Bass(pick)"rb rb

lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note C2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note C2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note D2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note D2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note E2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note E2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note F2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note F2 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note E2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note E2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note F2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note F2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note G2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note G2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note A2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note A2 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note G2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note G2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note A2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note A2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note B2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note B2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note C3 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note C3 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note C3 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/2rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note C3 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note G2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note G2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note E2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note E2 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 1 -note C2 -velocity 127rb rb lappend t3el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/1rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 1 -note C2 -velocity 127rb rb

lappend t3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb set t3 lbmidi::track -events $t3elrb

# Drum track set t4el {} lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Drum track"rb rb

lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 9 -note "acoustic bass drum" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 9 -note "acoustic snare" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist lb$mf clicks 1/4rb lbmidi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event note_on -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat" -velocity 127rb rb

for { set i 0 } { $i < 4 } { incr i } {

    lappend t4el [lb]list [lb]$mf clicks 1/4[rb] [lb]midi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_on  -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "acoustic bass drum" -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_on  -channel 9 -note "acoustic bass drum" -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list [lb]$mf clicks 1/4[rb] [lb]midi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_on  -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list [lb]$mf clicks 1/4[rb] [lb]midi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_on  -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "acoustic snare"     -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_on  -channel 9 -note "acoustic snare"     -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list [lb]$mf clicks 1/4[rb] [lb]midi::event note_off -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]
    lappend t4el [lb]list 0                [lb]midi::event note_on  -channel 9 -note "closed hi-hat"      -velocity 127[rb][rb]

}

lappend t4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb set t4 lbmidi::track -events $t4elrb

# Add tracks and write file $mf configure -tracks lblist $t1 $t2 $t3 $t4rb $mf write test.mid $mf destroy

exit example_end

The following examples uses the cmd midi::file::measure method to generate the same note-on and note-off events as in the example above. This example requires Tcl 8.5 because it uses the {*} operator.

example_begin lappend auto_path .. package require Tcl 8.5 package require midi

# Create midi file and initialise time division info set mf lbmidi::file -type 1 -time_division_type ticks_per_beat -ticks_per_beat 480rb

set t1 lbmidi::track -events $t1elrb

# Piano track set at2el {} lappend at2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Piano track"rb rb lappend at2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event program_change -channel 0 -program "Electric Piano 2"rb rb lappend at2el {*}lb$mf measure -channel 0 -events {{1/1 C4} {1/1 E4} {1/1 G4} {1/1 C5} {1/1 {C4 E4 G4 C5}}}rb lappend at2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb

set t2 lbmidi::track -events $at2elrb

# Bass track set at3el {} lappend at3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Bass track"rb rb lappend at3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event program_change -channel 1 -program "Electric Bass(pick)"rb rb lappend at3el {*}lb$mf measure -channel 1 -events {{1/4 C2} {1/4 D2} {1/4 E2} {1/4 F2}}rb lappend at3el {*}lb$mf measure -channel 1 -events {{1/4 E2 60} {1/4 F2} {1/4 G2} {1/4 A2}}rb lappend at3el {*}lb$mf measure -channel 1 -events {{1/4 G2} {1/4 A2} {1/4 B2} {1/4 C3}}rb lappend at3el {*}lb$mf measure -channel 1 -events {{1/2 C3} {1/4 G2} {1/4 E2}}rb lappend at3el {*}lb$mf measure -channel 1 -events {{1/1 C2}}rb lappend at3el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb

set t3 lbmidi::track -events $at3elrb

# Drum track set at4el {} lappend at4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Drum track"rb rb for { set i 0 } { $i < 5 } { incr i } {

    lappend at4el {*}[lb]$mf measure -channel 9 -events {
        {1/4 {"closed hi-hat" "acoustic bass drum"}} \
        {1/4 {"closed hi-hat"}} \
        {1/4 {"closed hi-hat" "acoustic snare"}} \
        {1/4 {"closed hi-hat"}} \
        }[rb]

} lappend at4el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb

set t4 lbmidi::track -events $at4elrb

# Add tracks and write file $mf configure -tracks lblist $t1 $t2 $t3 $t4rb $mf write test2.mid $mf destroy

exit example_end

This example shows how the rests and the cmd midi::merge command can be used to generate an event-list for the first track of the example above:

example_begin set t1 lbmidi::track -events $t1elrb

# Piano track set at2el {} lappend at2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event text -value "Piano track"rb rb lappend at2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event program_change -channel 0 -program "Electric Piano 2"rb rb

set te1 lb$mf measure -channel 0 -events {{1/1 C4} {1/1 r} {1/1 G4} {1/1 R} {1/1 {r E4 r C5}}}rb set te2 lb$mf measure -channel 0 -events {{1/1 R} {1/1 E4} {1/1 r} {1/1 C5} {1/1 {C4 r G4 r }}}rb lappend at2el {*}lbmidi::merge $te1 $te2rb

lappend at2el lblist 0 lbmidi::event end_of_trackrb rb

set t2 lbmidi::track -events $at2elrb example_end

This example reads the midi file specified on the command line and dumps the contents to standard output:

example_begin package require midi

set mf lbmidi::filerb $mf read lblindex $argv 0rb puts lb$mf dumprb $mf destroy

exit example_end

The result of the dump command looks like this:

example_begin MThd

  header size: 6
  format type: 1
  number of tracks: 4
  time division: 480 ticks per beat

MTrk

  Delta time    Absolute time Event
  ------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
              0             0 text control track
              0             0 tempo 500000
              0             0 end_of_track

MTrk

  Delta time    Absolute time Event
  ------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
              0             0 text Piano track
              0             0 program_change channel 0x00, program 0x04
              0             0 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x3C, velocity 0x7F
           1920          1920 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x3C, velocity 0x7F
              0          1920 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x40, velocity 0x7F
           1920          3840 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x40, velocity 0x7F
              0          3840 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x43, velocity 0x7F
           1920          5760 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x43, velocity 0x7F
              0          5760 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x48, velocity 0x7F
           1920          7680 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x48, velocity 0x7F
              0          7680 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x3C, velocity 0x7F
              0          7680 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x40, velocity 0x7F
              0          7680 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x43, velocity 0x7F
              0          7680 note_on channel 0x00, note 0x48, velocity 0x7F
           1920          9600 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x3C, velocity 0x7F
              0          9600 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x40, velocity 0x7F
              0          9600 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x43, velocity 0x7F
              0          9600 note_off channel 0x00, note 0x48, velocity 0x7F
              0          9600 end_of_track

MTrk

  Delta time    Absolute time Event
  ------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
              0             0 text Bass track
              0             0 program_change channel 0x01, program 0x22
              0             0 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
            480           480 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
              0           480 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
            480           960 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
              0           960 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x28, velocity 0x7F
            480          1440 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x28, velocity 0x7F
              0          1440 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x29, velocity 0x7F
            480          1920 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x29, velocity 0x7F
              0          1920 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x28, velocity 0x7F
            480          2400 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x28, velocity 0x7F
              0          2400 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x29, velocity 0x7F
            480          2880 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x29, velocity 0x7F
              0          2880 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x2B, velocity 0x7F
            480          3360 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x2B, velocity 0x7F
              0          3360 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x2D, velocity 0x7F
            480          3840 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x2D, velocity 0x7F
              0          3840 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x2B, velocity 0x7F
            480          4320 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x2B, velocity 0x7F
              0          4320 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x2D, velocity 0x7F
            480          4800 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x2D, velocity 0x7F
              0          4800 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x2F, velocity 0x7F
            480          5280 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x2F, velocity 0x7F
              0          5280 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x30, velocity 0x7F
            480          5760 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x30, velocity 0x7F
              0          5760 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x30, velocity 0x7F
            960          6720 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x30, velocity 0x7F
              0          6720 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x2B, velocity 0x7F
            480          7200 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x2B, velocity 0x7F
              0          7200 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x28, velocity 0x7F
            480          7680 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x28, velocity 0x7F
              0          7680 note_on channel 0x01, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
           1920          9600 note_off channel 0x01, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
              0          9600 end_of_track

MTrk

  Delta time    Absolute time Event
  ------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
              0             0 text Drum track
              0             0 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0             0 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
            480           480 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480           960 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0           960 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
            480          1440 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          1920 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          1920 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
            480          2400 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          2880 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          2880 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
            480          3360 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          3840 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          3840 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
            480          4320 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          4800 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          4800 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
            480          5280 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          5760 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          5760 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
            480          6240 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          6720 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          6720 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
            480          7200 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          7680 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          7680 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x24, velocity 0x7F
            480          8160 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
            480          8640 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          8640 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x26, velocity 0x7F
            480          9120 note_on channel 0x09, note 0x2A, velocity 0x7F
              0          9120 end_of_track

section Events

lst_item sequence_number Event containing the sequence number of the track in

 which this event is placed.

list_begin opt opt_def -value integer The sequence number of the track. The default value is const 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item text Text describing the track in which this event is placed.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string File or track description. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item copyright Midi file copyright notice.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Copyright text. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item track_name Name of track.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Track name. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item instrument_name Name of instrument used in track.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Instrument name. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item lyric Lyric to be sung at the point this event is placed. This can be a word or syllable.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Lyric. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item marker Marker for specific point in track like rehearsal letter, section name, loop start or loop end.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Marker text. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item cue_point Description of something which happens at the point this event is placed.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Descriptive text. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item program_name Name of the program used in the events following.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Program name. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item device_name Name of the midi device (port) where the track is routed.

list_begin opt opt_def -value string Device name. The default value is an empty string. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item channel Specifies the channel to which following meta and system exclusive must be sent. (DEPRECATED)

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel number. The default value is 0. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item port Midi port to which following midi events must be sent. (DEPRECATED)

list_begin opt opt_def -port Port number. The default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item end_of_track Marks the end of a track. Must be placed at the end of every track.

lst_item tempo Used to indicate tempo changes.

list_begin opt opt_def -tempo integer Tempo expressed in micro seconds per quarter note. The default value is 0x07A120 which corresponds to 120 BPM. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item smpte_offset Specifies the start time of the track.

list_begin opt opt_def -hours integer Hours part of start time. Default value is 0. opt_def -minutes integer Minutes part of start time. Default value is 0. opt_def -seconds integer Seconds part of start time. Default value is 0. opt_def -frames integer Frame count part of start time. Default value is 0. opt_def -framefractions integer Frame fraction part of start time. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item time_signature Used to specify the time signature.

list_begin opt opt_def -numerator integer Numerator part of time signature. Default value is 0. opt_def -denominator integer Denominator part of the time signature. This values must be an integer power of 2 (2, 4, 8). Default value is 1. opt_def -clocks_ticks_between_metronome_clicks integer The number of midi clock cliks in one metronome click. Default value is 0. opt_def -notated_32nd_notes_in_quarter_note integer The number of notated 32nd notes in a midi quarter note. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item key_signature Sets the key signature.

list_begin opt opt_def -number_of_modifications integer The number of modifications. Positive numbers (1..7) for sharps, negative numbers (-1..-7) for flats. Default value is 0. opt_def -scale integer Set to 0 for major scale or to 1 for minor scale. Default values is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item sequencer_specific Used to send data to a sequencer. These events are not interpreted by this packages.

list_begin opt opt_def -data listOfIntegers The data to be sent as a list of integers without the size of the data. Default value is an empty list. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item meta_unknown Meta event. These events are not interpreted by this packages.

list_begin opt opt_def -meta_unknown_event_type integer Meta event type. Default values is 0. opt_def -data listOfIntegers Data associated with the meta event specified as a list of integers without the size of the data. Default value is an empty list. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item SysEx System exclusive event. These events are not interpreted by this packages.

list_begin opt opt_def -sysex_event_type System exclusive event type. Default values is 0. opt_def -data Data associated with the system exclusive event specified as a list of integers without the size of the data. Default value is an empty list. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item note_on Play a note.

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which to play the note. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -note note Note to play. Check the sectref Notes section for valid note numbers and valid note names. Default value is 0. opt_def -velocity integer Velocity (volume) with which to hit the note. Must be an integer in the range 0..127. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item note_off Stop a note.

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which to stop the note. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -note note Note to stop. Check the sectref Notes section for valid note numbers and valid note names. Default value is 0. opt_def -velocity integer Velocity (volume) with which to stop the note. Must be an integer in the range 0..127. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item note_aftertouch Change the pressure with which the note is held down. This can be used to control effects (e.g. a vibrato).

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which to apply the aftertouch. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -note note Note to apply aftertouch to. Check the sectref Notes section for valid note numbers and valid note names. Default value is 0. opt_def -amount integer Amount of aftertouch to apply to the note. Must be an integer in the range 0..127. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item controller Used to set the value of a controller (e.g. modulation wheel).

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which controller will have effect. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -controller controller Controller name or number. Check the sectref Controllers section for valid controller names and numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -value integer Value to be set for the specified controller. Must be an integer in the range 0..127. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item program_change change the program (patch, instrument) for a channel.

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which program change will have effect. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -program program Program name or number. Check the sectref Programs section for valid program names and numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item channel_aftertouch Change the pressure with which all notes in the specified channel are held down. This can be used to control effects (e.g. a vibrato).

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which to apply the aftertouch. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -amount integer Amount of aftertouch to apply to the channel. Must be an integer in the range 0..127. Default value is 0. opt_def "" "" list_end

lst_item pitch_bend Used to change the pitch of all notes in a channel.

list_begin opt opt_def -channel integer Channel on which to apply the aftertouch. Check the sectref Channels section for valid channel numbers. Default value is 0. opt_def -amount integer Amount of bend. Must be an integer in the range -8192..8191. Values less than zero lower the pitch, values larger than zero increase the pitch. opt_def "" "" list_end

section Channels

A midi file can store data for 16 channels. Valid channel numbers are in the range 0..15. Real channel numbers must be specified. Often midi channels are numbered starting from 1. When using this package, the first channel is channel zero.

section Notes

A midi file knows 128 notes. They are represented by an integer in the range 0..127. The note with number 69 is an A with pitch of 440Hz.

Notes can be specified using their number or using an alphanumeric notation. This notation has the following structure:

example_begin <note><modifiers><octave> example_end

list_begin bullet

bulletValid notes are const A, const B, const C, const D, const E, const F and const G. The notes can be specified in upper or lower case.

bulletValid modifiers are const # and const b. The modifiers can be specified in upper or lower case.

bulletValid octaves are const -1 to 9.

Some examples:

example_begin A4 Bb7 F#3 C##4 abb3 e#b#b#b6 example_end

When representing notes with their numbers, valid notes are:

example_begin Number Note Octave ------ ----- ------

     0     C     -1
     1 C#/Db     -1
     2     D     -1
     3 D#/Eb     -1
     4     E     -1
     5     F     -1
     6 F#/Gb     -1
     7     G     -1
     8  G#Ab     -1
     9     A     -1
    10 A#/Bb     -1
    11     B     -1
    12     C      0
    13 C#/Db      0
    14     D      0
    15 D#/Eb      0
    16     E      0
    17     F      0
    18 F#/Gb      0
    19     G      0
    20  G#Ab      0
    21     A      0
    22 A#/Bb      0
    23     B      0
    24     C      1
    25 C#/Db      1
    26     D      1
    27 D#/Eb      1
    28     E      1
    29     F      1
    30 F#/Gb      1
    31     G      1
    32  G#Ab      1
    33     A      1
    34 A#/Bb      1
    35     B      1
    36     C      2
    37 C#/Db      2
    38     D      2
    39 D#/Eb      2
    40     E      2
    41     F      2
    42 F#/Gb      2
    43     G      2
    44  G#Ab      2
    45     A      2
    46 A#/Bb      2
    47     B      2
    48     C      3
    49 C#/Db      3
    50     D      3
    51 D#/Eb      3
    52     E      3
    53     F      3
    54 F#/Gb      3
    55     G      3
    56  G#Ab      3
    57     A      3
    58 A#/Bb      3
    59     B      3
    60     C      4
    61 C#/Db      4
    62     D      4
    63 D#/Eb      4
    64     E      4
    65     F      4
    66 F#/Gb      4
    67     G      4
    68  G#Ab      4
    69     A      4
    70 A#/Bb      4
    71     B      4
    72     C      5
    73 C#/Db      5
    74     D      5
    75 D#/Eb      5
    76     E      5
    77     F      5
    78 F#/Gb      5
    79     G      5
    80  G#Ab      5
    81     A      5
    82 A#/Bb      5
    83     B      5
    84     C      6
    85 C#/Db      6
    86     D      6
    87 D#/Eb      6
    88     E      6
    89     F      6
    90 F#/Gb      6
    91     G      6
    92  G#Ab      6
    93     A      6
    94 A#/Bb      6
    95     B      6
    96     C      7
    97 C#/Db      7
    98     D      7
    99 D#/Eb      7
   100     E      7
   101     F      7
   102 F#/Gb      7
   103     G      7
   104  G#Ab      7
   105     A      7
   106 A#/Bb      7
   107     B      7
   108     C      8
   109 C#/Db      8
   110     D      8
   111 D#/Eb      8
   112     E      8
   113     F      8
   114 F#/Gb      8
   115     G      8
   116  G#Ab      8
   117     A      8
   118 A#/Bb      8
   119     B      8
   120     C      9
   121 C#/Db      9
   122     D      9
   123 D#/Eb      9
   124     E      9
   125     F      9
   126 F#/Gb      9
   127     G      9

When playing a note on channel 9, one of the following percussion sound names can be used to specify the note:

example_begin Number Sound ------ ------------------

    35 Acoustic Bass Drum     
    36 Bass Drum 1            
    37 Side Stick             
    38 Acoustic Snare         
    39 Hand Clap              
    40 Electric Snare         
    41 Low Floor Tom          
    42 Closed Hi-Hat          
    43 High Floor Tom         
    44 Pedal Hi-Hat           
    45 Low Tom                
    46 Open Hi-Hat            
    47 Low-Mid Tom            
    48 Hi-Mid Tom             
    49 Crash Cymbal 1         
    50 High Tom               
    51 Ride Cymbal 1          
    52 Chinese Cymbal         
    53 Ride Bell              
    54 Tambourine             
    55 Splash Cymbal          
    56 Cowbell                
    57 Crash Cymbal 2         
    58 Vibraslap
    59 Ride Cymbal 2      
    60 Hi Bongo           
    61 Low Bongo          
    62 Mute Hi Conga      
    63 Open Hi Conga      
    64 Low Conga          
    65 High Timbale       
    66 Low Timbale        
    67 High Agogo         
    68 Low Agogo          
    69 Cabasa             
    70 Maracas            
    71 Short Whistle      
    72 Long Whistle       
    73 Short Guiro        
    74 Long Guiro         
    75 Claves             
    76 Hi Wood Block      
    77 Low Wood Block     
    78 Mute Cuica         
    79 Open Cuica         
    80 Mute Triangle      
    81 Open Triangle

These precussion sound names can be specified case insensitive.

section Controllers

Controllers can be specified with their name or number. Controller names are case insensitive. The defined controllers are:

example_begin Ctrl Description ---- ---------------------------------------------

   0 Bank Select (coarse)                               
   1 Modulation Wheel (coarse)                          
   2 Breath controller (coarse)                         
   4 Foot Pedal (coarse)                                
   5 Portamento Time (coarse)                           
   6 Data Entry (coarse)                                
   7 Volume (coarse)                                    
   8 Balance (coarse)                                   
  10 Pan position (coarse)                              
  11 Expression (coarse)                                
  12 Effect Control 1 (coarse)                          
  13 Effect Control 2 (coarse)                          
  16 General Purpose Slider 1                           
  17 General Purpose Slider 2                           
  18 General Purpose Slider 3                           
  19 General Purpose Slider 4                           
  32 Bank Select (fine)                                 
  33 Modulation Wheel (fine)                            
  34 Breath controller (fine)                           
  36 Foot Pedal (fine)                                  
  37 Portamento Time (fine)                             
  38 Data Entry (fine)                                  
  39 Volume (fine)                                      
  40 Balance (fine)                                     
  42 Pan position (fine)                                
  43 Expression (fine)                                  
  44 Effect Control 1 (fine)                            
  45 Effect Control 2 (fine)                            
  64 Hold Pedal (on/off)                                
  65 Portamento (on/off)                                
  66 Sustenuto Pedal (on/off)                           
  67 Soft Pedal (on/off)                                
  68 Legato Pedal (on/off)                              
  69 Hold 2 Pedal (on/off)                              
  70 Sound Variation                                    
  71 Sound Timbre                                       
  72 Sound Release Time                                 
  73 Sound Attack Time                                  
  74 Sound Brightness                                   
  75 Sound Control 6                                    
  76 Sound Control 7                                    
  77 Sound Control 8                                    
  78 Sound Control 9                                    
  79 Sound Control 10                                   
  80 General Purpose Button 1 (on/off)                  
  81 General Purpose Button 2 (on/off)                  
  82 General Purpose Button 3 (on/off)                  
  83 General Purpose Button 4 (on/off)                  
  91 Effects Level                                      
  92 Tremulo Level                                      
  93 Chorus Level                                       
  94 Celeste Level                                      
  95 Phaser Level                                       
  96 ata Button increment                               
  97 Data Button decrement                              
  98 Non-registered Parameter (fine)                    
  99 Non-registered Parameter (coarse)                  
 100 Registered Parameter (fine)                        
 101 Registered Parameter (coarse)                      
 120 All Sound Off                                      
 121 All Controllers Off                                
 122 Local Keyboard (on/off)                            
 123 All Notes Off                                      
 124 Omni Mode Off                                      
 125 Omni Mode On                                       
 126 Mono Operation                                     
 127 Poly Operation

section Programs

Program names (also known as patches or instruments) can be specified with their name or number. Names are case insensitive. Programs known in the General Midi standard are:

example_begin Program Family Description ------- -------------------- -----------

      0 Piano                Acoustic Grand        
      1 Piano                Bright Acoustic       
      2 Piano                Electric Grand        
      3 Piano                Honky-Tonk            
      4 Piano                Electric Piano 1      
      5 Piano                Electric Piano 2      
      6 Piano                Harpsichord           
      7 Piano                Clavinet              
      8 Chromatic percussion Celesta      
      9 Chromatic percussion Glockenspiel 
     10 Chromatic percussion Music Box    
     11 Chromatic percussion Vibraphone   
     12 Chromatic percussion Marimba      
     13 Chromatic percussion Xylophone    
     14 Chromatic percussion Tubular Bells
     15 Chromatic percussion Dulcimer     
     16 Organ                Drawbar Organ         
     17 Organ                Percussive Organ      
     18 Organ                Rock Organ            
     19 Organ                Church Organ          
     20 Organ                Reed Organ            
     21 Organ                Accoridan             
     22 Organ                Harmonica             
     23 Organ                Tango Accordian       
     24 Guitar               Nylon String Guitar   
     25 Guitar               Steel String Guitar   
     26 Guitar               Electric Jazz Guitar  
     27 Guitar               Electric Clean Guitar 
     28 Guitar               Electric Muted Guitar 
     29 Guitar               Overdriven Guitar     
     30 Guitar               Distortion Guitar     
     31 Guitar               Guitar Harmonics      
     32 Bass                 Acoustic Bass             
     33 Bass                 Electric Bass(finger)     
     34 Bass                 Electric Bass(pick)       
     35 Bass                 Fretless Bass             
     36 Bass                 Slap Bass 1               
     37 Bass                 Slap Bass 2               
     38 Bass                 Synth Bass 1              
     39 Bass                 Synth Bass 2              
     40 Solo strings         Violin             
     41 Solo strings         Viola              
     42 Solo strings         Cello              
     43 Solo strings         Contrabass         
     44 Solo strings         Tremolo Strings    
     45 Solo strings         Pizzicato Strings  
     46 Solo strings         Orchestral Strings 
     47 Solo strings         Timpani            
     48 Ensemble             String Ensemble 1         
     49 Ensemble             String Ensemble 2         
     50 Ensemble             SynthStrings 1            
     51 Ensemble             SynthStrings 2            
     52 Ensemble             Choir Aahs                
     53 Ensemble             Voice Oohs                
     54 Ensemble             Synth Voice               
     55 Ensemble             Orchestra Hit             
     56 Brass                Trumpet        
     57 Brass                Trombone       
     58 Brass                Tuba           
     59 Brass                Muted Trumpet  
     60 Brass                French Horn    
     61 Brass                Brass Section  
     62 Brass                SynthBrass 1   
     63 Brass                SynthBrass 2   
     64 Reed                 Soprano Sax               
     65 Reed                 Alto Sax                  
     66 Reed                 Tenor Sax                 
     67 Reed                 Baritone Sax              
     68 Reed                 Oboe                      
     69 Reed                 English Horn              
     70 Reed                 Bassoon                   
     71 Reed                 Clarinet                  
     72 Pipe                 Piccolo     
     73 Pipe                 Flute       
     74 Pipe                 Recorder    
     75 Pipe                 Pan Flute   
     76 Pipe                 Blown Bottle
     77 Pipe                 Skakuhachi  
     78 Pipe                 Whistle     
     79 Pipe                 Ocarina     
     80 Synth lead           Lead 1 (square)           
     81 Synth lead           Lead 2 (sawtooth)         
     82 Synth lead           Lead 3 (calliope)         
     83 Synth lead           Lead 4 (chiff)            
     84 Synth lead           Lead 5 (charang)          
     85 Synth lead           Lead 6 (voice)            
     86 Synth lead           Lead 7 (fifths)           
     87 Synth lead           Lead 8 (bass+lead)        
     88 Synth pad            Pad 1 (new age)    
     89 Synth pad            Pad 2 (warm)      
     90 Synth pad            Pad 3 (polysynth) 
     91 Synth pad            Pad 4 (choir)     
     92 Synth pad            Pad 5 (bowed)     
     93 Synth pad            Pad 6 (metallic)  
     94 Synth pad            Pad 7 (halo)      
     95 Synth pad            Pad 8 (sweep)     
     96 Synth effects        FX 1 (rain)               
     97 Synth effects        FX 2 (soundtrack)         
     98 Synth effects        FX 3 (crystal)            
     99 Synth effects        FX 4 (atmosphere)         
    100 Synth effects        FX 5 (brightness)         
    101 Synth effects        FX 6 (goblins)            
    102 Synth effects        FX 7 (echoes)             
    103 Synth effects        FX 8 (sci-fi)              
    104 Ethnic               Sitar   
    105 Ethnic               Banjo   
    106 Ethnic               Shamisen
    107 Ethnic               Koto    
    108 Ethnic               Kalimba 
    109 Ethnic               Bagpipe 
    110 Ethnic               Fiddle  
    111 Ethnic               Shanai  
    112 Percussive           Tinkle Bell               
    113 Percussive           Agogo                     
    114 Percussive           Steel Drums               
    115 Percussive           Woodblock                 
    116 Percussive           Taiko Drum                
    117 Percussive           Melodic Tom               
    118 Percussive           Synth Drum                
    119 Percussive           Reverse Cymbal            
    120 Sound effects        Guitar Fret Noise
    121 Sound effects        Breath Noise     
    122 Sound effects        Seashore         
    123 Sound effects        Bird Tweet       
    124 Sound effects        Telephone Ring   
    125 Sound effects        Helicopter       
    126 Sound effects        Applause         
    127 Sound effects        Gunshot